xtd::forms::timer Class Reference

Inheritance diagram for xtd::forms::timer:

Definition

Implements a timer that raises an event at user-defined intervals. This timer is optimized for use in Windows Forms applications and must be used in a window.

Header

#include <xtd/forms/timer> 

Namespace

xtd::forms

Library

xtd.forms

Remarks

A timer is used to raise an event at user-defined intervals. This Windows timer is designed for a single-threaded environment where UI threads are used to perform processing. It requires that the user code have a UI message pump available and always operate from the same thread.

When you use this timer, use the tick event to perform a polling operation or to display a splash screen for a specified period of time. Whenever the enabled property is set to true and the interval property is greater than zero, the tick event is raised at intervals based on the interval property setting.

This class provides methods to set the interval, and to start and stop the timer.

The Windows Forms Timer component is single-threaded, and is limited to an accuracy of 55 milliseconds.

Note

xtd includes several timer classes, each of which offers different functionality:

• xtd::timers::timer, which fires an event and executes the code in one or more event sinks at regular intervals. The class is intended for use as a server-based or service component in a multithreaded environment; it has no user interface and is not visible at runtime.
• xtd::threading::timer, which executes a single callback method on a thread pool thread at regular intervals. The callback method is defined when the timer is instantiated and cannot be changed. Like the xtd::timers::timer class, this class is intended for use as a server-based or service component in a multithreaded environment; it has no user interface and is not visible at runtime.
• xtd::forms::timer, a Windows Forms component that fires an event and executes the code in one or more event sinks at regular intervals. The component has no user interface and is designed for use in a single-threaded environment; it executes on the UI thread.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates the use of timer component.

#include <xtd/forms/application>
#include <xtd/forms/button>
#include <xtd/forms/form>
#include <xtd/forms/label>
 
using namespace xtd;
using namespace xtd::drawing;
using namespace xtd::forms;
 
namespace timer_example {
  class form1 : public form {
  public:
    form1() {
      label1.parent(*this);
      label1.text("0.0");
      label1.font(drawing::font("Arial", 48, font_style::italic));
      label1.location({10, 10});
      label1.auto_size(true);
      label1.fore_color(color::dodger_blue);
      
      button1.parent(*this);
      button1.text("Start");
      button1.location({10, 90});
      button1.click += [&](object & sender, const event_args & e) {
        timer1.enabled(!timer1.enabled());
        button1.text(timer1.enabled() ? "Stop" : "Start");
      };
      
      timer1.interval(100_ms);
      timer1.tick += [&](object & sender, const event_args & e) {
        label1.text(ustring::format("{:F1}", ++counter / 10.0));
      };
      
      text("Timer example");
      client_size({230, 130});
    }
    
  private:
    timer timer1;
    label label1;
    button button1;
    int counter = 0;
  };
}
 
auto main()->int {
  application::run(timer_example::form1 {});
}

Examples

clock.cpp, dot_matrix_display.cpp, draw_point.cpp, forms_timer.cpp, fourteen_segment_display.cpp, lcd_label2.cpp, lcd_label_with_dot_matrix.cpp, lcd_label_with_fourteen_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_nine_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_seven_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_sixteen_segment.cpp, nine_segment_display.cpp, progress_bar.cpp, seven_segment_display.cpp, sixteen_segment_display.cpp, status_bar.cpp, stopwatch_form.cpp, timers_timer_synchronizing_object.cpp, tool_bar.cpp, and wiggly.cpp.

Public Events
event< timer, event_handler >	tick
	Occurs when the specified timer interval has elapsed and the timer is enabled.

Public Constructors
	timer ()
	Initializes a new instance of the timer class.

Public Properties
virtual bool	enabled () const noexcept
	Gets whether the timer is running.
virtual timer &	enabled (bool enabled)
	Sets whether the timer is running.
virtual time_span	interval () const noexcept
	Gets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.
timer &	interval (const time_span &interval)
	Sets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.
virtual int32	interval_milliseconds () const noexcept
	Gets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.
virtual timer &	interval_milliseconds (int32 interval)
	Sets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.

Public Methods
void	start ()
	Stops the timer.
void	stop ()
	Starts the timer.

Public Static Methods
static timer	create ()
	A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer.
static timer	create (const time_span &interval)
	A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval.
static timer	create (const time_span &interval, bool enable)
	A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval, and enable values.
static timer	create (int interval_milliseconds)
	A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval.
static timer	create (int interval_milliseconds, bool enable)
	A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval, and enable values.

Prootected methods
virtual void	on_tick (const event_args &e)
	Raises the xtd::forms::timer::tick event.

Additional Inherited Members
Public Member Functions inherited from xtd::object
	object ()=default
	Create a new instance of the ultimate base class object.
bool	equals (const object &obj) const noexcept
	Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object.
virtual size_t	get_hash_code () const noexcept
	Serves as a hash function for a particular type.
virtual type_object	get_type () const noexcept
	Gets the type of the current instance.
template<typename object_t >
std::unique_ptr< object_t >	memberwise_clone () const noexcept
	Creates a shallow copy of the current object.
virtual xtd::ustring	to_string () const noexcept
	Returns a sxd::ustring that represents the current object.
Static Public Member Functions inherited from xtd::object
static bool	equals (const object &object_a, const object &object_b) noexcept
	Determines whether the specified object instances are considered equal.
static bool	reference_equals (const object &object_a, const object &object_b) noexcept
	Determines whether the specified object instances are the same instance.
Protected Member Functions inherited from xtd::forms::component
	component ()
	Initialises a new instance of the component class.
virtual bool	can_raise_events () const noexcept
	Gets a value indicating whether the component can raise an event.
bool	design_mode () const noexcept
	Gets a value that indicates whether the component is currently in design mode.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

timer()

xtd::forms::timer::timer

(

)

Initializes a new instance of the timer class.

Remarks

When a new timer is created, it is disabled; that is, enabled is set to false. To enable the timer, call the start method or set enabled to true.

If the timer is disabled and the timer is out of scope, the timer will be destroyed.

Member Function Documentation

create() [1/5]

static timer xtd::forms::timer::create ( )

static

A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer.

Returns

New xtd::forms::timer created.

create() [2/5]

static timer xtd::forms::timer::create ( const time_span &  interval )

static

A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval.

Parameters

interval

An xtd::time_span specifying the interval before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value must be greater than zero.

Returns

New xtd::forms::timer created.

create() [3/5]

static timer xtd::forms::timer::create ( const time_span &  interval, bool  enable  )

static

A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval, and enable values.

Parameters

interval	An xtd::time_span specifying the interval before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value must be greater than zero.
enabled	true if the timer is currently enabled; otherwise, false. The default is false.

Returns

New xtd::forms::timer created.

create() [4/5]

static timer xtd::forms::timer::create ( int  interval_milliseconds )

static

A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval.

Parameters

interval_milliseconds

An int32 specifying the number of milliseconds before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value cannot be less than one.

Returns

New xtd::forms::timer created.

create() [5/5]

static timer xtd::forms::timer::create ( int  interval_milliseconds, bool  enable  )

static

A factory to create an xtd::forms::timer with specified interval, and enable values.

Parameters

interval_milliseconds	An int32 specifying the number of milliseconds before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value cannot be less than one.
enabled	true if the timer is currently enabled; otherwise, false. The default is false.

Returns

New xtd::forms::timer created.

enabled() [1/2]

virtual bool xtd::forms::timer::enabled ( ) const

virtualnoexcept

Gets whether the timer is running.

Returns

true if the timer is currently enabled; otherwise, false. The default is false.

Remarks

Calling the start method is the same as setting enabled to true. Likewise, calling the stop method is the same as setting enabled to false.

Examples

lcd_label2.cpp, lcd_label_with_dot_matrix.cpp, lcd_label_with_fourteen_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_nine_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_seven_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_sixteen_segment.cpp, and wiggly.cpp.

enabled() [2/2]

virtual timer & xtd::forms::timer::enabled ( bool  enabled )

virtual

Sets whether the timer is running.

Parameters

enabled

true if the timer is currently enabled; otherwise, false. The default is false.

Remarks

Calling the start method is the same as setting enabled to true. Likewise, calling the stop method is the same as setting enabled to false.

interval() [1/2]

virtual time_span xtd::forms::timer::interval ( ) const

virtualnoexcept

Gets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.

Returns

An xtd::time_span specifying the interval before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value must be greater than zero.

Examples

clock.cpp, lcd_label2.cpp, lcd_label_with_dot_matrix.cpp, lcd_label_with_fourteen_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_nine_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_seven_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_sixteen_segment.cpp, and wiggly.cpp.

interval() [2/2]

timer & xtd::forms::timer::interval

(

const time_span &

interval

)

Sets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.

Parameters

interval

An xtd::time_span specifying the interval before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value must be greater than zero.

interval_milliseconds() [1/2]

virtual int32 xtd::forms::timer::interval_milliseconds ( ) const

virtualnoexcept

Gets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.

Returns

An int32 specifying the number of milliseconds before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value cannot be less than one.

Remarks

To get the number of seconds in the interval, divide this number by 1,000.

interval_milliseconds() [2/2]

virtual timer & xtd::forms::timer::interval_milliseconds ( int32  interval )

virtual

Sets the time, in milliseconds, before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event.

Parameters

interval

An int32 specifying the number of milliseconds before the tick event is raised relative to the last occurrence of the tick event. The value cannot be less than one.

Remarks

To get the number of seconds in the interval, divide this number by 1,000.

on_tick()

virtual void xtd::forms::timer::on_tick ( const event_args &  e )

protectedvirtual

Raises the xtd::forms::timer::tick event.

Parameters

e	An event_args that contains the event data. This is always xtd::event_args::empty.

start()

void xtd::forms::timer::start

(

)

Stops the timer.

Remarks

You can also stop the timer by setting the enabled property to false.

Examples

timers_timer_synchronizing_object.cpp.

stop()

void xtd::forms::timer::stop

(

)

Starts the timer.

Remarks

You can also start the timer by setting the enabled property to true.

Examples

timers_timer_synchronizing_object.cpp.

Member Data Documentation

tick

event<timer, event_handler> xtd::forms::timer::tick

Occurs when the specified timer interval has elapsed and the timer is enabled.

Remarks

Calling the Assert method on the xtd::diagnostics::debug class from within the tick event may not behave as expected, as displaying the assertion dialog box may cause Windows to raise the tick event repeatedly. We recommend that you refrain from testing assertions within this event, and use the write, write_if, write_line, or write_line_if methods instead.

For more information about handling events, see Handling and Raising Events.

Examples

lcd_label2.cpp, lcd_label_with_dot_matrix.cpp, lcd_label_with_fourteen_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_nine_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_seven_segment.cpp, lcd_label_with_sixteen_segment.cpp, and wiggly.cpp.

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The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

• xtd.forms/include/xtd/forms/timer.h